Name of the article

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The formation industrial-technological potential of car repair industry

Dmitrichenko N.F., Levkovskyy A.P.

On the basis of conducted analysis production and technological potential of car refinish production is reasonable factors for development industrial structures repair motor vehicles with regard versatility and mobility images of recovery automotive parts resource.

The object of research - production and technological potential of car repair industry in Ukraine.

Work objective - optimization organizational forms car refinish production structures to meet consumer demand for motor vehicles repair.

Method of investigation - system design and object-oriented management.

The results of this paper can be used in the development of organizational and technical structure of automotive refinish business.

Forecast assumptions for further research is the search optimal production structure on the basis of development different forms of specialization car refinish production structures with the use of flexible system recovery details.

003-008

Defining characteristics of air flow throw

The inlet channel of the s03 engine cylinder head

Kazimierz Lejda,

Tomasz Kuśnierz

This paper presents the results of flow tests 4-stroke S03 engine cylinder heads for different stages of shape optimization suction channels. The study was performed on the test bench called ,,Bench Flow" at constant pressure measuring of 10" H2O. The purpose of research was determine the flow rate of air through the inlet channel as a function of the opening the intake valve.

009-017

Improvement performance of a diesel truck when using biodiesel fuel

Gutarevych Y.F., Korpach A.O., Levkivs’ky O.O.

Based on the research suggested ways to improve fuel efficiency and environmental performance of the truck with a diesel engine that works on biodiesel fuel.

Object of research - impact biodiesel on energy, fuel economic and environmental performance of the truck with a diesel engine.

Purpose - to improve fuel efficiency and environmental performance of diesel trucks.

Methods - experimental and calculated.

The results of the article may be used in the development methods for adapting diesel engines to works on biodiesel.

Forecast assumptions for future research - the search for optimal settings of the fuel system a diesel engine when operating on biodiesel.

018-023

Application its systems in urban traffic control based on current solutions

Kazimierz Lejda,

Krzysztof Łakota

Continually growing communication needs lead to overload of the existing transport network, particularly in urban areas, due to the very high level of congestion and environmental pollution. As a result, the rapidly growing traffic effectively limits space on our roads. The main reasons for this situation is limited expansion of the existing communication network and the increasing needs in individual and public sector. Therefore there is a need to create new, effective transportation systems that are intended to improve the transport infrastructure. This paper presents implemented urban traffic control methods on the example of the existing solutions in the world.

024-030

To determination of indexes of stability of lorry convoy

Sakhno V.P., Timkov O.M., Gumenyuk P.O., Faychuk M.I.

The necessity of permanent control after the corners of setting of the guided wheels does not cause doubts. It is necessary for providing of the protracted term of service of tires, low resistance of woobling of wheels, proper indexes of stability and safety of motion, and also economy of fuel. Unperpendicularity of axes of bridges and frame of semitrailer (trailer) is stipulated by their defect.

Out-of-parallelism of back bridges is caused by the surplus friction of tires with a surface dear, causes enhanceable resistance woobling of wheels and creates undesirable lateral forces which can result in violation of stability of motion.

The decision of task about stability of motion of lorry convoy is based on the decision of the system of differential equalizations of his motion. It is set such decision, that in any direction diminishes stalling speed of lorry convoy the increase of defect of любого|какого-нибудь| bridge of car-tractor and semitrailer. Perekos| of back bridge of semitrailer influences most substantially. So, перекос| of this bridge on 10 reduces stalling speed of lorry convoy on 15,1%, second bridge of car-tractor - on 12,2%, second and first bridge of semitrailer - on 6,2 and 5,1% accordingly. Subsequent growth of defect over 30º of swaying instability of lorry convoy leads.

031-039

Hic evaluation indicator of passenger car

In the aspects of road safety

Dagmara Karbowniczek,

Kazimierz Lejda

The movement of the human body in the car during the traffic accident depends on the rigidity of the body and within zone the deformation the design and effectiveness of protective systems.

The aim of this paper is to compare the indicator value head injuries HIC (Head Injury Criterion) in older and newer passenger cars. Attention has been paid to the link between the impact of year of manufacture car in the value of the indicator. Was used appropriate statistical tools to confirm the bet thesis. Information obtained as the value of the HIC in the next newer passenger cars.

040-045

The problem of chipless machining parts shaped holes

Posviatenko E.K., Naxajchuk O.V., Muzychuk V.I.

In the article it is describes the process of the internal spline profile on the tube blank by cold plastic deformation.

The object of study - the technological processing of shaped holes parts cold plastic deformation.

Purpose - to improve the calculation of the boundary deformation in the preparation of shaped holes parts cold plastic deformation, followed by a practical test of the theoretical results.

The method of research - reducing splined components.

The authors improved the research process as follows. Built plane deformation plasticity and the boundary surface showed an adequate supply of plasticity, justified that in the construction of loading trajectory in the space of dimensionless parameters η and χ its kind uniquely determined by the conditions of formation, characteristic of the process is virtually independent of the mechanical properties of deformed metal, identified areas of deformation which are closest to the destruction in terms that take into account the impact of the first and third invariants of the stress tensor (side area, and the profile of depressions on the process of the internal spline profile), which used the plasticity resource reaches values of ψ = 0,34 ... 0.4. From the standpoint of safety factors, such calculations should be made taking into account the indicator that takes into account the influence of the third invariant of the stress tensor.

In the study of cold plastic forming processes involving complex non-monotonic deformation, the model should be used taking into account the non-linear damage accumulation.

Results film can find application in mechanical engineering.

046-054

influence of loads city bus passengers in speed profile determination

Kazimierz Lejda,

Paweł Wojewoda

This paper presents the influence of load passengers staying in the city bus to determine the actual speed profile, which is used in the research model and simulation of city buses powered by conventional and hybrid. The paper presents the results of experimental studies of passengers staying in the city bus line 34 from the hours of the morning to evening and the corresponding selected actual speed profiles depending on the load of passengers.

055-062

Informational basis for the formation and evaluation of modern productions of maintenance and repair of cars

Mateychik V.P., Volkov V.P., Komov P.B., Komov E.A.

In the article explains the prospects of increasing safety of road transport on the basis of effective implementation of maintenance and repair of intelligent vehicles.

Object of study - method of calculation of maintenance and repair, which aim to determine the parameter of time, which is the basis in the organization of intelligent vehicle systems.

Purpose - to monitor the health state of the vehicle based on the receipt of the initial information, the calculation of the parameters of the functioning and the optimization of the parameters of engineering and technical services company.

Method study - the use of intelligent software for calculations, analysis and prediction of reliability stay land transport the machine in operation, maintenance and repair, the formation and evaluation of modern productions of maintenance and repair.

Created in the structure of intelligent transport systems present information complex program of analytical and probabilistic methodology enables technological calculations for planning of maintenance and repair of rolling stock and to determine the transport of emissions and waste. The functioning of the algorithm of intelligent software system based on the following elements and processes: the formation and implementation of the basic input data for the program, receiving and processing of GPS data via the Web, to form together with the system of maintenance and repair of intelligent vehicles of the new generation; monitoring of temporal states of vehicles in general and elementwise, between the main elements of the program and exit.

The results of the article can be incorporated for the intensification of the engineering and technical services through automated inspection of a technical condition of the vehicles, planning and regulation of trucking companies in online online.

Forecast assumptions about the object of study - increasing the efficiency of maintenance by improving the monitoring of the technical state of vehicles based on the further expansion of the software features.

063-070

The analysis of the impast of traffic monitoring systems for truck goods vehicles on the open road safety

Krzysztof Lew,

Sabina Czapla

The article presents selected traffic monitoring systems, including GPS positioning system, the Automatic Number Plate Recognition ANPR vehicles, system via TOLL selector system for weighing vehicles and control systems using a tachograph.

071-077

Estimation of level of contamination of atmospheric air by traffic flow

Mateychik V.P., Nikonovich S.O., Sapozhnyk Y.V.

The comparative estimation of level of contamination atmospheric of exhaust gases of a transport stream, certain experimentally and with the use of the specified model of dispersion of distributing of admixtures in an atmosphere harmful matters is conducted in the article.

Empiric certain dependences of change of concentrations of harmful matters are on different distances from a traffic way, outlined distances on which are observed exceeding of Maximum Admissible Concentration.

Dependences of content of harmful matters are set in a wayside environment from intensity of a transport stream, intensities of a transport stream are certain which possible extrass of contaminents are at.

From the use of the specified model the evaluation of content of harmful matters is carried out in a wayside environment for a transport stream by intensity of 3250 vehicles/h. Authenticity of calculations is tested, by comparing of calculation values to experimental.

078-083

Analysis of quality of services provides by rzeszow’s urban buses for example of survey research

Krzysztof Lew,

Maksymilian Mądziel

The article presents a survey research regarding quality of service provides by rzeszow’s urban buses conducted on a 70 correspondents group. Results were analyzed and summarized.

084-089

Certification of brake properties and her task

Gryshchuk А.К., Kravchuk P.M., Gorpyniuk L.V.

In the article the analysis of certification of brake properties of the wheeled transport vehicles and her task.

Research object - there is a certification of brake properties and her task.

Aim of work - there is an analysis of normative documents in relation to the brake systems of the wheeled transport vehicles during a certification.

At tacking to Genevan Agreement "About the acceptance of only technical binding overs for the wheeled transport vehicles, articles of equipment and parts, that can be set та/або used on the wheeled transport vehicles, and about the terms of mutual confession of the official statements given out on the basis of these binding overs" Ukraine became the competent participant of one of the mightiest international systems of certification of motor-car technique. Ukraine assumed an obligation to produce requirements to the constructions of transport vehicles of both home and foreign production.

Lately the process of estimation of quality of the wheeled transport vehicles was taken to the statement as a result of certification tests. About a production and acquisition of the wheeled transport vehicles made decision on results tests, that was conducted with participation of producer and consumer, and nascent divergences decided in compatible realization and analysis of results of these tests. At a positive decision a technical report on tests gained character the family the certificate confessed by parties.

From the analysis of the data presented in the article, it is possible to draw conclusion, that requirements are to brake efficiency of the wheeled transport vehicles, that operate in Ukraine, provide high enough brake properties of the wheeled transport vehicles, that does not act to the foreign norms.

090-094

study on the impact of working on the computer on ability to drive lorries

Krzysztof Balawender,

Mirosław Jakubowski, Artur Krzemiński,

Paweł Wojewoda

The article presents study on the impact working on the computer the ability to drive a car. Research was carried out on the simulator AS 1600.

095-099

Estimation of quality of work of enterprise of car-care center

Andrusenko S.I., Ivanushko O.M.

The paper identifies the key criteria, evaluation of which gives the opportunity to determine the full extent, the level of quality of the company service centers.

Object of study - enterprise customers service center, its staff, subcontractors, owners and society.

Purpose - to build a system of criteria that will comprehensively evaluate the quality of the enterprise service centers in general, from the point of view of all stakeholders active in the market actors.

Research methods - systematic analysis of satisfaction with group of operating subjects.

Evaluation of the quality of the object as a company is the process of determining its compliance performance expectations of actors that perform such an assessment. Objectively characterize the activities of the company values its industrial, commercial or financial activities are recorded in the balance sheet and the profit and loss account. A characteristic is subjective, such as its image. Found that customer satisfaction from the consumption of the product and the image of the company increases the number of clients. This is the key to improving business income and its market share. Satisfied with work and life in general staff provides higher productivity, better customer concerns, facilitates the development of enterprise that is displayed on performance and image. Owners must be satisfied return on invested capital. Satisfied owners invest more funds in their company. Increasing profitability of the enterprise and its market value as shares of total value leads to an increase in the number of shareholders who are pouring money into new venture. Satisfaction subcontractors promote long-term cooperation, reliability and quality of cooperation, the establishment of mutually beneficial prices. Activity of enterprise must bring satisfaction society due to the utility of his activity and absence of harmful consequences.

The results of the article can be implemented in a rating system for evaluating enterprise service centers, identifying its strengths and weaknesses, and to identify ways of improving the situation in which the enterprise.

The forecast supposition in relation to development of research object is development of methods of determination of the above-mentioned indexes and their analysis for the real enterprises of car-care center.

100-106

Comparative tests of operational parameters of sb3.1/cr5 engine powered by synthetic fuel and diesel oil

Mirosław Jakubowski, Krzysztof Balawender

This paper presents the results of test stand investigations carried out on the engine SB3.1/CR5 powered by diesel oil and its blends with synthetic fuel derived from waste tires. The test fuel mixtures contained 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% synthetic fuel. During the tests measured include: the force acting on the brake (determination of torque), RPM, the fuel consumption.

107-112

The concept of optimizing traffic safety management system

Melnichenko A.І., Kishka S.P.

Purpose - proanalizovaty concept of optimizing traffic safety management system and to make its algorithm.

The article reviewed and analyzed the optimization algorithm of security management traffic. The system of road conditions - traffic flows - is stochastic environment and the interaction of subsystems is determined by the set of independent factors with random distribution functions, accidents are random events. They have a probabilistic nature and can not be predicted in advance. However, varying degrees of interaction between subsystems directly affect the distribution of traffic accidents along the road. If all subsystems are equally determined road safety, the accident over a relatively long period of time had to be randomly distributed along the road. However, experience shows uneven distribution of accidents along the road, on the one hand, confirms the varying degrees of interaction between subsystems, and the second - indicates the dominant influence of one of the subsystems in the operation of road conditions - traffic flows - environment.

Proven that the dominant effect of road conditions on the appearance of areas of focus or concentration accident suggests the possibility of increasing the safety of those sections of the road through a targeted improvement of road conditions. No other significant outcome measures will not help. In the following sections of the road traffic safety management is most effective.

113-118

Oculograph as a tool to assist rsa audit

Artur Jaworski, Hubert Kuszewski, Kazimierz Lejda,

Adam Ustrzycki, Paweł Woś

This paper presents oculograph (eyetracker) as a tool to assist road safety audit (RSA) by existing or simulation environment. use of eyetracker is mainly related to the assessment of the visibility of the important elements of road infrastructure.

119-124

To choice of gis software specialized on visualization of road pollution level

Mateichyk V.P., Weigang G.O., Rymaruk K.V.

The objective is to choose GIS software for visualization of ingredient and parametric pollution of the roads by the traffic flow.

In this article there was given a brief description of the main open source GIS such as GRASS, QGIS, uDig, gvSIG, SAGA, ILWIS and MapWindow GIS. Review of these systems allowed to consider a wide range of possibilities. For most of these GIS applications, the operating system on which they work is not essential. Only ILWIS and MapWindow GIS are based on operating system MS Windows.

Given the advantages and disadvantages of the major free GIS software - MapWindow GIS can be identified as software with the most powerful analytical functions and possibilities of solving the visualization problem, processing and analysis of road pollution.

125-130

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Marcin Jurgilewicz

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131-136

Experimental investigation of generating gas from different biomass types

Filipova G.A., Kryvorot A.I.

In the article are presented the results of experimental research regarding generator gas which was prepared from different biomass types.

The object of study - the generator gas which was prepared from different biomass types.

The purpose of study - determining the output gas and component composition generator gas from various biomass types, the temperature in the reactor and reaction character and lower heating value from derived gas..

Methodology - conducting experimental researches and analysis of their results.

By experimental researches of pellets gasification from different and various sizes biomass was determined: output, composition and lower heating value generator gas which was prepared from wood, sugar cane and empty fruit bunch. The temperature in the reactor and reaction character was shown. Obtained composition gases have been analyzed.

Received results will be used in further experimental and theoretical researches.

Forecasts assumptions about the object of study - searching and developing technical measures aimed at improving the efficiency of internal combustion engines that is using generator fuel and the improvement of tractive and velocity characteristics of vehicles operating on generator gas fuel.

137-143

Characteristic of applies protection for tranportation load in road transport

Dariusz Konieczny,

Kazimierz Lejda,

Maksymilian Mądziel

The article presents description of particular type of load protection uses in road transport. All of the types was appropriate analyzed.

144-149

Marginal all-range regulation of the crankshaft rotation frequency of an agricultural wheeled vehicle

Govorun A.G., Selskiy M.P.,

Kutsy P.V.

The article provides a basic scheme of a marginal all-range governor and describes the characteristics of fuel delivery under different modes of a diesel engine crankshaft rotation frequency regulation. Herein is defined that one of the methods of the fuel consumption reduction under unbalanced conditions of operation is limitation of an oscillatory amplitude of a fuel pump rack when an engine operates under conditions of transient loads. It is made possible by exploitation of a marginal all-range governor. Operation of an engine with a marginal all-range governor at any speed or load range takes place in the place of a transition of a regulatory slack side of a characteristic into a correction one.

150-154

analysis of law basing operation of freight forwarder

Artur Krzemiński, Kazimierz Lejda

The article analyzes the legal business, of freight forwarder, defined its role in the process of forwarding as well as organizations discussed shippers.

155-159

Evaluating the effectiveness of projects and programs for sustainable development of the transport sector

Khrutba V.A.

Welfare of the population and ensure a healthy, secure, economic, social and environmental framework for the present and for future generations is the responsibility of sustainable transport. The effectiveness of the program sustainable transport agreement provides social, economic and environmental principles transport policy.

The aim of the paper is to develop a model evaluation of projects and programs aimed at sustainable development of the transport sector.

To achieve this it is necessary:

- Requirements for projects and programs for sustainable development of the transport sector to analyze.

- Model evaluation program to build on the criteria of sustainable transport.

- Experience in integrating sustainable development approaches and project management study.

- An integrated test management projects and programs for sustainable development of transport system work out.

For the successful implementation of the Transport Strategy to the architecture program for sustainable development of the transport sector to form based on the definition of its life cycle.

Package program portfolio balance model-based evaluation software implementation of the Transport Strategy, which ensures compliance with the criteria of sustainable development in terms of Epr.

Evaluating the effectiveness of the program is carried out in terms P5E2A as defined by program management P2M.

The integration model evaluation program implementation requirements of the Transport Strategy for Sustainable Development of system performance programs as defined by program management P2M allowed to form a generalized integrated test evaluation program for sustainable development of the transport sector in a two-dimensional matrix . Ideal model of sustainable development based program developed in accordance with this criterion. This model looks like a regular triangular pyramid, which is based on a triangle of sustainable development, and life cycle of software developed in the vertical plane. The top of the pyramid corresponds to the attainment of full harmonization of transport activity.

Dynamics of change of integrated criterion to determine the effectiveness of the program for sustainable development of the transport sector and to predict its state at each phase of the life cycle.

160-168

Study of self-ignition properties of diesel fuel and rapeseed oil mixtures

Hubert Kuszewski, Artur Jaworski, Adam Ustrzycki

The aim of the researches presented in this paper was to determine the effect of some volume fractions of rapeseed oil in the diesel fuel on the self-ignition properties for such prepared fuel. As a measure of the susceptibility of fuel to self-ignition derived cetane number was used. The measurement of derived cetane number (DCN) and self-ignition delay period was made with a device enabling combustion in constant volume chamber. The results were compared with the legislative and standard requirements for diesel fuel.

169-174

Determination of values of stakeholders to form a model of effective communication in projects of waste management

Khrutba V.A., Zeruk V.A., Kruchinyna K.I.

A key factor in the successful implementation of waste management programs are joint efforts of all participants involved in implementation of some of its projects and interested in positive results of the program. The basis for coordination of stakeholders is to identify stakeholder values that shape their expectations of the program. Determination of parameters values towards which the program will be able to potentially significantly increase or, conversely, reduce the activity of stakeholder participation in the activities program is important and needs to find new methods and approaches to managing these projects, programs and portfolios of projects.

The aim is to determine the values of the parties in the projects of waste management based on analysis of project stakeholders.

To achieve this goal solved several problems:

- Identify project stakeholders;

- To conduct SWOT-analysis for all project stakeholders;

- Identify values of stakeholders (stakeholders).

Projects and portfolios of projects implemented under the program of waste management, often performed by separate business entities and require proper coordination. For multiple stakeholders such projects include government agencies, business units and the public. For government agencies often include the organization of state or municipal property, representing the interests of the state or local community. Business structures that are directly involved in project implementation program - waste carriers, carrier, logisticians, or garbage-incineration plant, solid waste sorting line, etc.. The public is represented by non-governmental organizations or informal groups that implement educational projects or projects aimed at cleaning up certain areas. A separate project stakeholders Program is the local population that can be defined as an external stakeholder.

Based on stakeholder analysis and SWOT-analysis of the stakeholders identified the values and expectations of parties and marginally significant impact on the project of waste management. Defined values are duplicated parties, allow the integration of expectations that increases the activity of stakeholders. For example, the common interests of the state and the public to improve the environment N, common expectations in the implementation of separate collection of waste - CCS B GEC, the need constantly to promote a culture of waste management brings together people interested government agencies and NGOs CCS EA and others. This allows you to offer directions adjustment measures program pereoriyentuvavshy them to achieve values that do provide a significant increase in the activity concerned. Under this program, this is the basis for effective cooperation of all stakeholders.

Thus, the project strategy of waste management has become a clear and definite character that will continue to investigate and determine how effective and efficient implementation of these projects will be under this program and will regulate and manage zvya'zkamy between stakeholders and to introduce the necessary corrective actions required time.

175-182

Technology honing cylindrical holes guaranteed surface integrity in the superalloy nickel turbine disk

Jacek Michalski

This paper presents the conditions and parameters honing nickel superalloy PWA 1113, sticks green silicon carbide vitrified, allowing the integrity of the surface layer. The characterization of roughness profile and characteristics of the surface roughness of the drill holes, precision boring and then honing. Determined value of diameter and height profile of the surface roughness of holes, during the life of whetstones. Posted microstructure of the subsurface after these operations. Test parameters scratching the surface of the hole, metallographic examination confirmed the subsurface to the surface layer of this distinction without plastic deformation honing and honing of plastic deformation and white layer.

183-194

The methods of selection of alternative motor fuels for vehicles

Zakharchuk V.I.

The article offered the methods of complex perspective evaluation of transfering wheeled means of transport on alternative motor fuels.

The object of research is a process of exploitation of vehicles on alternative motor fuels.

The purpose of research is the development of method of evaluation of indexes of functioning of vehicles.

A research method consists in application of analysis of the systems for the estimation of working indexes of vehicles on alternative fuels.

This developed method of selection of alternative motor fuels for transport vehicles is based on comparing of alternative fuels with base simultaneously by indexes of their technical adaptability to the engine, ecological safety and economic efficiency of exploitation. More over the category of danger of vehicle includes not only the amount of harmful emission matters but also their toxicological descriptions. Basis of method is a model of the operating system «fuel- transport vehicle», which consists of two subsystems, unified the ultimate goal of their functioning, - implementation of a transport work.

The results of the article can be inculcated in the technologies of useing of alternative fuels inculcated in motor transport and agricultural production.

Prognosis suppositions as to development of research object are the complex and system decision of questions, tied with improvement of operating indexes of vehicles, will allow to find out the rational ways of expansion of the use of alternative motor fuels.

195-201

Failure analysis crankshafts caused the internal combustion engine reliability test according to characteristics of material and geometry

Jacek Michalski

The article analyzed the material and geometric factors affecting the crash caused the destruction of crankshafts. Three shafts were destroyed at the coming of the first in the main pivot crank pin through the crank arm, the reliability of the engine bench tests, lasting from 130 to 300 hours. Shows the microstructure, toughness and hardness of crankshafts for engines Polonez CE with capacity 1600 cm3. Determined the microstructure of the surface zone, transitional and core for the main journals and crank, the rays go pivots the arms and shoulders as the crankshaft. Posted distinctive profile and rounded between the main valve and crank arm. There have been a breakthrough performance. Set of recommendations structural analysis, changes in the technological process and the type of material steel crankshaft.

202-210

Methodological aspects of complex requirements for car operational services

Luk’yanchenko A.Y., Vir’ovka D.I.

This paper analyzes the operational purpose vehicles set elements are formed by vehicle requirements, proposed general requirements for emergency vehicles and test the operational efficiency of the vehicle and the adequacy of existing operational vehicles prevailing requirements.

Purpose - analysis of existing requirements for vehicles operating services generalization functions available cars and comprehensive assessment methods of its design and operating conditions.

The method of investigation - a system analysis of operating and design parameters of vehicles available services.

Performance and design characteristics of vehicles operational services directly affect the performance of a service. Analysis of existing research in the chosen field showed that the improvements in operational performance cars mainly aimed at developing a more progressive elements of specialized add-in that is designed to perform specialized functions directly. This is a basic unattended vehicle chassis operational efficiency and complex operational vehicle.

A new approach to evaluating the performance of operating the vehicle as an integrated system and defines the requirements, compliance with which will ensure the highest operational efficiency of the vehicle.

The results of the article can be used as a basis for further research in the area of operational performance cars.

Estimated assumptions about the object of study - the formation of complex performance criteria operational vehicles forming requirements for individual functional elements and the car as a whole, taking into account the purpose and adaptability to the available cars.

211-216

Factors affecting on the height of car insurances in poland

Edyta Zielińska

The purpose of this article was to evaluate car insurances in Poland. Analyzed three insurances companies offering the OC, AC, Assistance and Accident. Presented the major factors which affecton the amount of the insurance premium ie. the driver age, place of residence, engine capacity.

217-224

The results of calculations of fuel efficiency and environmental performance of the internal combustion engine in a cycle preheating and start using the system of combined heating

Gritsuk I.V.,

Adrov D.S., Krasnokutskaya Z.I.,

Verbovsky V.S.

In the article the prospect of results of mathematical modeling of the stationary internal combustion engine using a combined heating system with thermal batteries phase transition forcycle preheating, start-up and rapid warm-up after starting.

Object of study - fuel economy and environmental performance of the internal combustion engine during start-up and implementation of the warm-up.

Purpose - to determine the fuel efficiency and environmental performance of the engine on the mathematical model of the cycle of preheating when used with a combined heating with heat storage phase transition.

Method study- current method of determining the parameters of the thermal state of the motor, the mass of emissions and fuel consumption in the process of heating to different environmental conditions.

During operating the internal combustion engine at low temperatures there is a problem and they run prior to preheating under load, which is due to a violation of their normal thermal conditions. Efficient use of internal combustion engines and environmentally-essentially depends on the time spent in pre-start preparation, containing a range of measures in place to ensure trouble-free, and start the engine and accelerated training him to accept the load. Elimination of the above problems is advisable to make use of the system by a combined heating with heat storage phase transition in the pre-launch preparation engine. The paper presents the results of determining the fuel economy and environmental performance of the engine on a mathematical model of a stationary internal combustion engines using the system combined with the warm heat storage phase transition cycle preheating, start-up and rapid warming after starting.

The results of the article can be incorporated in the construction of heating systems combined with heat storage in the performance of their engine preheating and accelerated warming after starting.

Forecast assumptions about the object of study - search for relevant system design, combined with the warm heat storage phase transition, providing optimum pre-start warming up the engine.

225-232

The influence of the selected factors on the urban transport in poland

Mirosław Liana, Mariola Nycz,

Mirosław Śmieszek

Economic development contributes to the prosperity of the people as well as to changes in meeting the transportation needs. These needs can be met through both collective and individual communication. There are many factors which have an impact on the changes in the case of urban public transport. The article is an attempt to select the most important factors. The study used available statistical data.

233-240

Comparative analysis of the movement of cars in traffic congestion

Sitovsky O.P.

In the article presents the results of experimental studies towing-speed properties of the small car in urban driving conditions.

Purpose - a detailed study of the movement in the daily operation of the car in normal mode and in in traffic congestion.

Research method - a statistical analysis of the results of experimental studies.

When driving in city small car, time in traffic congestion is of up to 40% of the way to 10%, while fuel consumption is 20-30% of the total fuel consumption.

Given that the regime trip to the mash is off the vehicle at a speed of 0-20 km/h may be recommended to reduce the losses mounted on cars hybrid propulsion with electric drive.

Results of film can be used for the design of small vehicles, including a hybrid power plant.

241-244

Laser navigation methods in automated guided vehicle

Mirosław Śmieszek,

Paweł Dobrzański, Magdalena Dobrzańska

The paper presents the most commonly used method for determining the current position of the automated guided vehicle. These methods are based on laser technology. The paper presents two of the methods. The first one uses a laser to measure the angles between the markers. The second method uses a laser scanner used for the construction of digital maps. Included in the study consideration supports two examples of actual measurements made by the authors of the publication.

245-252

Evaluation of fixed twin wheel stability against the lateral slip

Abdulgazis A.U., Fevatov S.A.

The article gives the results of investigation on the influence of distribution of normal road reactions the between the tires of fixed twin wheels on the rate of the limit of adherence side reaction of road.

The object of the study is a twin car wheel.

The purpose of the research is to determine the conditions for maximum lateral adhesion coefficient of twin wheels.

The method of the research is analytical method for determining the lateral adhesion coefficient of twin wheels of car and road.

Stability of movement is one of the most important performance characteristics of cars, affecting traffic safety. This property is largely determined by technical condition of tires. The greatest influence on the stability of the car is made by the adhesion of wheel and road, limit on adherence side reaction of road. Installing twin wheels on the rate of the limit of the lateral adhesion force conducts distribution of normal road reactions between the tires of twin wheels. The result of the study is the mathematical model for determining the lateral adhesion coefficient of fixed twin wheels and road and a rational distribution of normal reactions between the tires of twin wheels on the condition of obtaining the maximum lateral adhesion coefficient.

Using the mathematical model allowed us to determine that the maximum lateral adhesion coefficient of fixed twin wheels to road can be implemented with a share of the total normal load falling on the inside wheel is 0,5.

253-260

Study bus semi-soft doubles passenger seats to the requirements dstu un/ece r80-00:2002

Kohut V.M, Gorbaj O.Z., Kernytskyy I.S., Sava R.V.

The object of study are bus semi-soft doubles passenger seats .

The purpose of work is to study the rational option computer modeling, which allows an adequate test of the strength of bus seats and according to their design to the requirements of thetechnical prescriptions of dinih official certification of seats of large passenger vehicles and official certification of vehicles with regard to the strength of seats and their anchorages.

The method of research is computational modeling using modern software packages such as LS-D YNA, Winmascine in order to create adequate mathematical models, corresponding to the results of the field of experimental research.

In the experimental data and computer modeling carried out in order to determine compliance with the bus semi-soft double passenger seating configuration requirements aretechnical prescriptions for dinih official certification of seats of large passenger vehicles and official certification of these vehicles with regard to the strength of seats and their anchorages.

261-271

Incommensurate phase in the polytypes tlgase2 crystals

Isaenko G.L.

This paper is is devoted to investigation of the polytypism influence on lattice structure changes at different thermal conditions in such ferroelectrics for C and 2C polytypes crystals TlGaSe2 with incommensurates phases.

Object of investigation - phase transformations in the ferroelectrics-semiconductors TlGaSe2.

Purpose - to investigation of the polytypism influence on lattice structure changes at different thermal conditions in such ferroelectrics as TlGaSe2.

Investigation method - X-ray diffraction investigations were performed for the crystals of different technological parties at room temperature and the two polytypes characterized by the different values unit cell parameter c, namely C and 2C, were revealed. Permittivity measurements and X-ray diffraction investigations were performed for C and 2C polytypes crystals in the temperature range T=90¸300 K.

272-278

For researching issue of corrosive of biodiesel fuels based on esters of rapeseed oil

Podpisnov V.S.

This article describes and analyzes the results of experimental studies corrosive regular diesel and biodiesel fuels for basic construction materials used in the manufacture of diesel engines.

Object of research — impact of physical and chemical properties of biodiesel fuels on corrosive engine wear.

Purpose — rationale for the use of biodiesel fuels in terms of their chemical aggressiveness relative parts and components and mechanisms of the engine.

The method of research — experimental and analytical.

To expand road transport fuel base distribution became increasingly biodiesel fuel is based on esters of fatty acids of vegetable oils and fuel mix based on them. They have several advantages, which makes their use very promising. However, the use of biodiesel fuels as fuel for diesel engines prior study of their physico-chemical properties and assess the feasibility of the application based on this study. In particular, it is important to study the corrosive impact of biofuels on the construction materials used in the manufacturing of engines. The experimental study showed that using of biodiesel from rapeseed oil ethyl ester is the most appropriate based on this aspect.

The results of the article can be implemented in the design specifications for the use of biodiesel fuels as fuel for diesel engines.

Estimated assumptions about the object of study - the development of recommendations for optimal determination of physical and chemical characteristics of mixed fuels from rapeseed oil ethyl ester.

279-283

Method of determining the number of transfer numbers gear box provided minimum time acceleration

Korpach O.A.

The article describes methods of determining the number of transfer numbers gear box under minimal time acceleration to maximum speed.

Object of research - transmission car

The purpose of research - defining a number of transfer numbers gearbox car under minimal time acceleration to top speed.

The method of research - experimental and calculated using a mathematical model.

The main stages of the optimization of any technical systems to improve the quality of their operation, the example of "engine-transmission" of the car. As the objective function is selected Acceleration time to maximum speed that best characterizes the performance of traction-speed properties of the vehicle. The method of determining the best (optimal) values of transfer numbers transmissions that provide minimum time Acceleration. A comparison of the developed technique with other methods of determining the number of transfer numbers transmissions.

The calculation results showed that the number of transfer numbers calculated by the method that provides the minimum time Acceleration to top speed, for example 31105 GAZ "Volga" with the engine ZMZ 40621.10 reduces the acceleration time to maximum rate of 12.5% compared with baseline number of transfer numbers.

284-290

Risk management in the transportation of petroleum products with special motor vehicles

Ziuziun V.I., Demchenko Y.A.

The article discusses the risk management of the project road transportation of petroleum products as a technical system.

The developed model of creative project transportation of petroleum products by road. The model of "black box" can display inputs and outputs of the system are required to study one of the parties of its functioning. Analysis of the model showed that the risks of oil transportation projects can occur at all stages of the project life cycle

The basic environmental project risks that may arise during the life of the operation. As a result, identification of project risks have been identified the following groups: managerial, technical, commercial, time, business, financial and environmental. Among these risks: oil spills when filling tanks, accident during transportation of petroleum products, environmental pollution, waste carrier Enterprise, environmental pollution by exhaust gases.

Established Scheme environmental risk management in the transportation of petroleum products by road, can, through peer review, to establish the weight of 1 to 4, where 1 - weightless impact on the environment, 4 - a very significant impact on the environment, and includes of measures on which to make decisions about reducing environmental risks.

291-298

To the analysis of stability of lorry convoy in the brake mode

Progniy Р.R.

On the basis of the conducted research essence of concept of stability of lorry convoy is found out in the brake mode. Factors, influencing on stability of transport vehicle in the process of braking, are in-process analysed. Among them it is needed to select such: unevenness of coefficient of rolling friction under port and right sides car; appearance of rotary-type moment in a horizontal plane through the unevenness of action of brake mechanisms; uneven distributing of brake forces between the axes of transport vehicle; unevenness of wearing-outs of brake mechanisms, appearance of effort of compression in a coupling device and пр. Criteria which can be utillized for the estimation of stability of motor-car train in the brake mode are selected. To them attribute: linear deviation from the set bar of motion; linear deviation from the line of direction of motion; angular deviation from the line of direction of motion; time of wearing-out of brake mechanisms; deviation of centre-of-mass car from the set trajectory. Braking efficiency is estimated to on such to the basic criteria: general specific brake force; withstand deceleration; size of braking distance; initial velocity of braking.

299-305

Influence of fuel on the performance characteristics of the car

Manko I.V.

The paper considers the influence of the fuel on the estimated vehicle operating properties. It is shown that the translation powered car liquefied petroleum gas towing speed by the car several improved, and the deteriorating ecological car. Fuel efficiency, expressed in units of fuel mass per cycle are reduced when operating on LPG and increases in volume units.

The object of research - the impact of the fuel on the estimated operational properties of the vehicle. The aim of this study is to determine and compare traction-speed, fuel-economic and environmental performance of the car equipped with spark ignition and fuel injection systems with modern and ZNG at work on both fuels.

306-310

Structural aspects of adaptive centrifugal variator mototransport means

Luk’yanchenko A.Y.,

Litovchenko V.V.

Present thr results of investigation of the new infinitely variable mechanical transmission on the basis of centrifugal wedge belting variator, which has adapted system of management.

In the article the change of the design of existing V-belt variable speed gear utits. Due to changes in working efforts perform the functions of governors, and their distribution was more rational. Specify the main parameters, which depend on the change of the mechanism and the time of establishing the balance between the input and output parameters control the transmission. This can be achieved, when kinematically there is a possibility of aplication of centrifugal force weights wedge belting variator not on the transformation of the axial forces and the strength of belt tension. Then the centrifugal force will be acting in the plane of the belt without losses in trasformation, which gives the opportunity to more efficiently use it. The order of changing the gear ratio, is defined by change of frequency of rotation of chanked shaft of the transmission ratio, increases at the same time and the radius of rotation of the weights. With every increase of the centrifugal force due to the increase in the radius decreases the required frequency of the shaft of engine, which leads to fuel savings. On the hand, if you increase the moment of inertia of the variator is not applicable to the wedge belting. His efforts are not working friction drives, and a centrifugal clutch. Therefore, this type of variable speed shall be classified as certrifugal.

The purpose of this publication is to define the conditions of reduction of time continuously variable mechanical V-belt variable speed gear units motor transport funds.

Object of research - V-belt variable speed motor transport funds.

The results of this paper can be implemented in the further research of management systems variable gear units and conditions of their operation.

Projected results for the exploration of the new design wedge belting variator - reduction of time of change of the ransmission ratio of the transmission.

311-315

Improving the competitiveness of trucking companies as the direction of management and marketing

Malykhina S.V.

This article deals with the need to develop methodology for managing enterprise's competitiveness and the main areas of marketing activities for road transport.

The need for the development of the methodology of competitiveness caused by global economic advancements of science and practical successes and failures of management at the macro and micro levels. Today the survival and successful functioning of the market economy can not be provided by traditional management technologies.

Effective functioning motor enterprise rational use of manpower, material and financial resources, fuel and lubricants, the quality of cargo and passengers, optimizing processes to ensure the necessary level of efficiency of rolling stock depends strongly on the marketing activities of the service ATP.

For effective relationship in space and time manufacturing processes, transportation, repair and maintenance of rolling stock required centralized management and control, which ensures coordinated work of individual chains ATP.

The result of marketing research is to evaluate the potential capacity of the enterprise and its position in a particular market. Accordingly, the effectiveness of measures to ensure the competitiveness of enterprises depends on the purpose of market research. The objective should be qualitatively and quantitatively oriented. Qualitative benchmarks in this case is to increase the organizational and technical level of production, the choice of effective methods of positioning on the market. Quantitative guidance is improving profitability.

316-321

Model of the functioning of road sector enterprises investment using ppp

Khmelevskyy M.O.,

Tsiuman Y.S.

Aim of work - development of model of the functioning of road sector enterprises investment using PPP.

Research method - method of system analysis.

The model of the functioning of road sector enterprises investment using PPP is developed. The model of the functioning is the basis for a statistical mathematical model that will optimize transport and operational performance of the road during the relevant financial obligations of the state to the investor and the degree of load transport routes to enable high-quality road maintenance road sector enterprises. The results of the article can be drawn on at a study or decision of questions related to investing of travelling industry, development of infrastructure, logistic.

Prognosis suppositions are in relation to development of research object - development of model for a statistical mathematical model that will assist the best bringing in of investments in travelling enterprises and road-building industry. Optimization of the use of investment resources, optimize transport and operational performance of the road during the relevant financial obligations of the state.

322-327

Tariff as a main component of the tariff system of compensation

Borovik N.A., Karpenko O.V.

In article the main components of formation of a tariff rate as an important part of tariff system were indicated.

Object of research - tariff rates of the first and each following category.

Research objective - definition of the main components of a tariff rate of the first and each following category and factors of influence on a tariff rate.

Research method - empirical and theoretical methods of the analysis.

In the article the main components of a tariff - the absolute size of compensation expressed in a monetary form in unit of time - are defined. The tariff of the first category pays off is defined as the minimum hour salary multiplied by an index of inflation and the raising coefficient. The minimum hour salary pays off is counted as a division of the monthly size of the minimum compensation on the monthly norm of working hours calculated on annual calendar nominal fund of working hours at meeting its week standard. Index of inflation or consumer price index - an indicator which characterizes overall price level changes on goods and the services acquired by the population for non-productive consumption. As for the raising coefficient, it includes all factors which have influence on formation of a basic level of a salary of the worker. All factors of influence can be divided on external (in relation to the enterprise) which define the average level of a salary on a branch labor market, and factors which define level of a basic salary and are in the organization. At justification of a basic (minimum) tariff it is important to consider its ratio with the maximum salary (the maximum salary) at the enterprise, its communication with a population employment rate. The great influence has also labor productivity which plays a key role in formation of again created cost. If the added value which is created by one worker is higher, there is more than opportunity for salary increase.

328-334

The analysis of a technique of active reaction at the automated control system of stocks

Khavruk V.O.

In article the problematics of storekeeping on the basis of the analysis of the automated system with active reaction to change of volumes of stocks is considered.

Object of research - the monitoring system of a condition of stocks.

The work purpose - the analysis and a general characteristic of a technique of active reaction at the automated control system of stocks.

Kinds of control over a condition of stocks are certain. The modified monitoring system of level of a stock on the basis of model ЕОQ with use of concept RОР is presented. Different variants of application of active methods of reaction are considered at occurrence: «deficiency», «overstocking», a non-standard situation.

The list of active management methods is resulted by stocks which can be applied by managers-logists.

Results of article can be used for working out of a software of automation of process of active reaction to critical situations of occurrence of deficiency and overstocking.

335-342

On the definition of ecological goods and promote their business according to the concept of environmental marketing

Kobzysta O.P., Barabash H.V., Zvarych Z.R.

Today, the need to meet environmental needs is an important place in the system of values of consumer rights. The market for environmental goods is driven by the existence and development of environmental requirements. If the orientation is typical of traditional marketing activities on traditional needs, for environmental - for environmental needs of consumers.

Based on the perspective, the goal is to consider a methodology for assessing environmental goods and to develop an algorithm promotion of environmental goods on the market according to the marketing strategy of the company.

The method of determining the level of environmental goods through their evaluation. Integral assessment of the impact of the goods on the environment is defined as the arithmetic mean of the obtained general assessments of the impact of each of the goods in the recipient countries. The level of environmental performance is determined by averaging the integral estimates. Depending on the environmental performance of the resulting product can be attributed to one of the groups identified by the degree of environmental friendliness.

For the effective promotion of environmental goods in the market an algorithm, which consists of seven main steps: defining the target audience, define the goals of promotion, development of an environmental legend, cost estimates, the choice of the means of formation of feedback channels, management communication process and its coordination.

Thus, analyzing the approaches to the greening of the market and marketing before it is advisable to assess the environmental performance of goods and develop a plan for the effective promotion of environmental goods, taking into account the objectives, structure and budget of product promotion. Best ways to develop in terms of economic viability and environmental acceptability, adopted by business entities is a guarantor of environmental marketing in the country.

343-349

Audit as an effective tool for environmental performance of the food industry

Barabash, О.V, Kobzysta O.P.

Food industry - one of the largest and most important industries of Ukraine. The level of development, stability and function depends on the state of the economy and security, the development of domestic and foreign markets, and standard of living.

The aim was to assess and predict the impact of environmental impacts of the food industry on the environment, improve the competitiveness of enterprises, establish its compliance with the requirements of applicable environmental laws, environmental regulations, standards, rules, regulations and orders of the government and environmental agencies.

Conducted an environmental audit for "Barvy Polissye" provided the necessary guidance and suggestions will develop and justify a reasonable environmental strategy of the enterprise, reduce the risk of acute environmental problems and the ability to work simultaneously economic, social and environmental aspects.

350-358

The ecological and economic evaluation of the substitution of natural materials, and metallurgical slag for road construction

Кriukovska L.І.

In the article the analysis of problem of the use of metallurgical slags is executed and possibility of volumes of replacement of natural materials metallurgical slags is reasonable at building of different technical categories of roads.

The structure of ecological and economic efficiency of replacement of natural materials metallurgical slags is worked out at building of highways.

The total worths of materials, that is needed for arranging of layer of basis a 1 kilometre of road after the costs of 1 т granit and slag to the macadam, were certain.

Executed comparative estimation of total worth of materials at replacement natural granit to the macadam by a slag macadam for building showed a 1 kilometre economic effect 110.330 thousand hrn. taking into account the category of highway.

359-364

Trial of mine methane as a fuel for internal combustion engines

Bumaga O.D., Tsiuman M.P., Yanovsky V.V., Krahyn S.V.

Purpose - studying the effectiveness of mine methane as fuel for gas engines.

Methods - Methods of mathematical modeling workflow internal combustion engine.

The efficiency of the use of mine methane as a fuel for gas engines was rated. The gas engine when operating with mine methane for methane content of 45% develops power for 15% lower from natural gas and for 5% lower at 75% of methane in the fuel. Efficient consumption of heat in the area of small loads is smallest for gas containing 45% methane, in the area of high loads - for natural gas.

The results of the article can be used to decide whether to use mine methane as a fuel for internal combustion engines for different purposes, to assess the technical and economic performances of engines, used mine methane.

Estimated assumptions about the object of study - the development with researches, based mathematical model for workflow engine, recommendations on rational values of parameters regulating engine, used mine methane, assessment of the main technical and economic indicators of the car when its use mine methane, based studies estimated using developed mathematical model.

365-369

Prospects for the use of biodiesel fuel in automobile engines

Il'chenko A.V.

In the article analyzes the possibility of application biodiesel in automotive engines. The effect biodiesel fuels on the performance of fuel economy, the toxicity of exhaust emissions and durability of engine parts.

Object of research - biodiesel.

Purpose - to decrease fuel consumption of petroleum origin and reduce harmful emissions from the exhaust gases of automobile engines using biodiesel.

Research methods - analytical.

The results of the article can be used to study the effectiveness of biodiesel in automotive engines.

Forecast assumptions for future research - improving the effectiveness of biodiesel in automotive engines.

370-373

Improving environmental management system of bus enterprise

Kolomyjec S.V., Dmytrash T.A.,

Kit A.V., Tkachenko Y.S.

Purpose - to develop recommendations for improving EMS for example bus fleet number 2 in Kyiv, municipal enterprise "Kievpasstrans".

Development and implementation of EMS involves the following stages: a preliminary analysis, the development of environmental policy declaration enterprises, drafting a plan of action in EMS, EMS procedures for the introduction and operation of the EMS, a system of measurement and monitoring, internal audits, improvement.

The main tool is the improvement of EMS Deming cycle - continuous process improvement activities, represented as a cyclic sequence of four stages: "planning - implementation - monitoring - improvement". As part of the EMS for improving a program of internal audit divisions. Implementation of the internal audit of the company will determine the effectiveness of the system at the stage of its certification, and during its operation, to identify the negative impact of businesses on the environment, and its further reduced through improved EMS in the enterprise.

374-379

Influence of motor transport on environment

Chuvaev P.I.

In article the urgency of a problem of ecological safety of motor transport is proved, negative influence means for environment on the basis of the statistical data is analysed. Priority directions and measures on increase of ecological safety of motor transport are defined. Basic elements of emissions of harmful substances from engines internal .have been considered at various modes of their work.

380-383